|
The Gąsawa massacre ((ポーランド語:Zbrodnia gąsawska), literally "the Gąsawa crime") was a 1227 attack on a meeting of Polish Piast dukes which was being held near the village of Gąsawa in Kujawy, Poland. The High Duke of Poland, Leszek the White, was assassinated, and Duke Henry the Bearded of Silesia was gravely wounded.〔 Because at the time of the attack some of the victims were bathing in preparation to retire for the night, the event is also known in Polish historiography as the Gąsawa bloodbath (''krwawa łaźnia w Gąsawie''). ==Motive== While direct responsibility for the attack is generally ascribed by historians to Świętopełk of Pomerania, many circumstances surrounding the crime remained unexplained and controversial. Świętopełk's aim was to make the Duchy of Gdańsk Pomerania, which his House of Sobiesław held as regents of the Polish rulers, independent of Piast overlordship. The murder of Leszek the White, Świętopełk's suzerain, thus served his interests. However, several historians have pointed to Duke Władysław Odonic, who had forged an alliance with Świętopełk shortly before the attack, as the main instigator. Odonic's actual target would have been his uncle, Duke Władysław Spindleshanks, with whom Odonic had been involved in a long-running conflict over control of Greater Poland (''Wielkopolska''). Under this hypothesis, Odonic provided information necessary for a successful attack to Świętopełk's men, who actually did the deed. Other historians have disputed this thesis, pointing out that Spindleshank was not harmed in the attack, that Odonic did not profit from the death of Leszek (with whom he had had generally amicable relations), and that there is no record that contemporaries or the families of the slain held Odonic responsible. Rather, in this view, the blame was ascribed retroactively to Odonic several decades later, during fighting between Dukes of Silesia who were descendants of Henry, and those of Greater Poland, who were related to Odonic. A particularly puzzling fact is the absence of condemnation by ecclesiastical authorities (some of whom were present at the meeting), who at that time took an active role in Polish political affairs and tended to react strongly to regicides.〔 Gerard Labuda describing the views of Józef Uminski.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gąsawa massacre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|